2026年年初至今，印度尼西亚政府在自然资源出口管理、公司登记与年度报告、非税收入费率、劳动保障、税收优惠、刑法典改革以及国有企业重组等多个领域密集出台或修订规则，营商环境迎来系统性调整，给部分行业的外国投资者带来严峻挑战，给整体外资企业带来较大的经营不确定性。本文结合近期颁布的多项法规，梳理相关要点，供在印尼投资企业进行合规参考。

Since the beginning of 2026, the Government of Indonesia has issued or revised a series of regulations spanning natural resource export governance, company registration and annual reporting, non-tax state revenue tariffs, customs supervision, employment and social security, tax incentives, criminal law reform, and state-owned enterprise restructuring. Collectively, these developments mark a systemic recalibration of Indonesia's business environment. Drawing on these recently enacted regulations, this article summarizes the key points from a legal practitioner's perspective for the reference of companies investing and operating in Indonesia.

2026年5月20日，印尼总统普拉博沃·苏比安托（Prabowo Subianto）签署了《关于战略性自然资源商品出口治理的政府条例》（GR 24/2026），该条例已于2026年6月1日起施行，将所有“战略性自然资源商品”的出口权归拢至主权基金Danatara下属国有公司。

（一）商品范围

根据GR 24/2026第1条第2款，战略性自然资源商品是指政府综合考虑国家利益、经济稳定、国内需求以及国家战略性自然资源管理需要而确定的自然资源商品。首批纳入范围包括煤炭、棕榈油及铁合金，后续阶段由政府通过协调会议确定其他战略性自然资源商品，分别由经济事务统筹部长或食品事务统筹部长主持，并邀请非部级政府机构负责人参加。

（二）出口垄断机制

根据GR 24/2026，战略性自然资源商品原则上只能通过“国有出口企业”作为货物所有人或唯一中间商进行出口，并有权确定商品销售价格。此外，出口治理可通过多种机制实施，包括出口管制及技术核查或追踪、运输和保险安排等。

（三）豁免机制

GR 24/2026同时规定，对于与政府签订合同或协议、且该等合同或协议至少涉及投资、资产剥离以及国内加工和/或精炼业务的商业主体，可免于通过国有出口企业执行出口义务；对出口治理实施情况的指导与监督工作，由部长或非部长级政府机构负责人根据其各自职权履行。对于2026年6月1日前签署且仍然有效的销售合同，须由国有出口企业进行评估。

On May 20, 2026, President Prabowo Subianto enacted Government Regulation No. 24 of 2026 on the Export Governance of Strategic Natural Resource Commodities (GR 24/2026), which took effect on June 1, 2026 and governs the export of all “Strategic Natural Resource (NR) Commodities.”

1、Scope of Products

Under Article 1(2), such commodities are those designated by the Government having regard to national interest, economic stability, domestic needs, and the management of national strategic natural resources. The initial scope covers coal, palm oil, and ferroalloys. Subsequent phases are determined through coordination meetings led by the coordinating minister for economic affairs (for non-food commodities) or the coordinating minister for food affairs (for food commodities), attended by the head of the relevant non-ministerial government agency.

2、Export Monopoly Mechanism

Under GR 24/2026, Strategic NR Commodities may generally only be exported through a designated State-Owned Enterprise for Exports (the “Export SOE”), acting either as commodity owner or sole intermediary, and the Export SOE is authorized to determine the selling price. In addition, export governance may be carried out through various mechanisms, including export controls with technical verification or tracing, transport and insurance arrangements, and other mechanisms.

3、Exemption Mechanism

GR 24/2026 also provides an exemption from the obligation to execute exports through the Export SOE for business actors who have contracts or agreements with the Government that at least regulate investment, divestment, and domestic processing and/or refining. Guidance and supervision over the implementation of export governance are carried out by the minister or the head of the non-ministerial government agency in accordance with their respective authorities. Meanwhile, regarding sales contracts that were signed before June 1, 2026 and remain valid, GR 24/2026 stipulates that such contracts must be evaluated by the Export SOE.

印尼中央统计局（BPS）通过《2025年第7号印尼标准行业分类规定》（BPS 7/2025号规定）发布了KBLI 2025，作为KBLI 2020的更新，以适应数字经济、创意产业、能源转型等此前未涵盖的新活动的发展需要。KBLI分类的调整不仅影响企业通过在线单一提交系统（OSS）办理的商业许可，还可能影响业务活动与公司章程及公司章程中所载的业务意图、目的及范围之间的一致性。

（一）分类类型转换

根据印尼投资协调委员会（BKPM）《2025年第5号规定》（BKPM 5/2025号规定），KBLI 2020向KBLI 2025的转换分为三种类型：一对一（一个旧代码对应一个新代码，或保持原代码但修改标题和/或描述）、多对一（多个旧代码合并为一个新代码）及一对多（一个旧代码拆分为多个新代码）。

（二）章程修改标准

对已适用KBLI 2020的企业而言，只要经营活动未发生变化，原则上通过OSS系统进行调整，无需修改公司章程；但若企业新增主营业务、变更经营目的或经营范围，或此前仍适用KBLI 2020之前版本的分类，则须相应修改公司章程。其中，一对一转换一般可自动完成；多对一或一对多转换，公司需选择最符合实际经营活动的KBLI代码。

KBLI 2025 was issued through Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik / BPS) Regulation Number 7 of 2025 concerning the Standard Industrial Classification for Indonesian Business Fields (hereinafter referred to as “BPS Regulation 7/2025”) as an update to KBLI 2020 to accommodate developments in the digital economy, creative industry, energy transition, and various new activities that were previously unaccommodated. Changes in classification based on BPS Regulation 7/2025 not only affect business licensing through the Online Single Submission (OSS) system, but may also affect the alignment of business activities with the intent, purpose, and scope of business stated in the Company's Deed and Articles of Association.

1、Changes in classification

In line with Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM) Regulation Number 5 of 2025 (hereinafter referred to as “BKPM Regulation 5/2025”), there are three types of conversion from KBLI 2020 to KBLI 2025:

1.One to One, where one KBLI 2020 code is converted into one KBLI 2025 code, or retains the same code with changes to the title and/or description.

2.Many to One, where multiple KBLI 2020 codes are converted into a single KBLI 2025 code.

3.One to Many, where a single KBLI 2020 code is converted into multiple KBLI 2025 codes.

2、Standards for Amendments

For companies already using KBLI 2020, the adjustment to KBLI 2025 is fundamentally carried out through the OSS system without amending the deed or articles of association, as long as business activities remain unchanged. Amendments become necessary, however, where a company adds a new core business line, changes its purposes or business scope, or was still operating under a pre-2020 KBLI version. In a One‑to‑One conversion, adjustment is generally automatic. For Many‑to‑One or One‑to‑Many conversions, the Company must determine the KBLI code that best matches its actual business activities as stated in the Deed.

（一）提交规则与时限

有限责任公司年度报告现须通过法律实体管理系统（SABH） 以电子方式提交。此前该义务由2007年第40号有限责任公司法规定，但因缺乏明确制裁而执行不理想。政府颁布法律部2025年第49号条例（Minister of Law Regulation 49/2025）进一步规范提交机制。根据该条例第16条，董事会须在财年结束后6个月内将年度报告提交股东大会（GMS），经监事会审查后，批准须以公证契约形式出具，公证人须在契约签署后30日内通过法人管理系统（Sistem Administrasi Badan Hukum / SABH）向法律管理总局提交。

（二）年报内容与审计要求

年度报告至少应包含财务报表、公司业务活动报告、环境与社会责任履行报告、影响公司业务活动的重大问题说明、监事会监督职责履行报告、董事及监事姓名，以及董事、监事薪酬及津贴情况。符合2007年公司法第68条规定情形（如从事公众资金募集、发行债务凭证、系公众公司、系国有企业、资产或营业额达500亿印尼盾以上等）的公司，其财务报表须由公共会计师审计。

（三）生效日期与制裁措施

自2026年6月1日起，年度报告可通过SABH系统提交，过渡期内暂不征收非税国家收入（PNBP）费用。提交年报的时间最迟不得晚于GMS文件签发之日起30（三十）天。若未履行此提交义务，政府将认为公司未履行提交年度报告的义务。未按规定提交年度报告的公司，将逐步面临书面警告、法律行政总局（AHU）服务权限被封锁等行政处罚；情节严重且连续多年未履行相关义务的，公司还可能被认定为“非活跃状态”。

1、Submission Rules and Deadlines

Annual reports for Limited Liability Companies (PT) must now be submitted electronically through the Legal Entity Administration System (SABH). Previously, the obligation was regulated under Law Number 40 of 2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, but implementation had not been optimal because Law 40/2007 did not explicitly regulate sanctions. The Government issued Minister of Law Regulation Number 49 of 2025 to further regulate the submission mechanism. Under Article 16, the Board of Directors submits the annual report to the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) within 6 months after the financial year ends, after review by the Board of Commissioners. Approval is set forth in a notary deed, which must be submitted to the Minister of Law through SABH within 30 days from the date the deed is signed.

2、Annual Report Content and Audit Requirements

The annual report must contain, at minimum, financial statements, a report on company activities, an environmental and social responsibility report, a summary of significant issues affecting the business, a report on the Board of Commissioners' supervisory duties, the names of directors and commissioners, and their remuneration. Companies meeting the criteria under Article 68 of Law 40/2007 (e.g., those raising public funds, issuing debt instruments, public companies, state-owned companies, or holding assets/turnover of at least Rp50 billion) must additionally have their financial statements audited by a public accountant.

3、Effective Date and Sanction Measures

Since June 1, 2026, annual reports may be submitted through SABH, and during the transition period no PNBP tariff applies to such submissions.The deadline for submitting the annual report shall not exceed 30 (thirty) days from the date of issuance of the GMS document. If such submission is not made, the government considers that the Company has not fulfilled the obligation to submit the annual report. Companies that fail to comply may face graduated administrative sanctions, beginning with a written warning and potentially escalating to a block on access to General Legal Administration (AHU) services; companies that persistently fail to submit annual reports over consecutive years risk being designated as “inactive.”

（一）新增服务类型

印尼政府发布《2026年第30号政府条例》（GR 30/2026），对法律部相关服务的非税国家收入（Penerimaan Negara Bukan Pajak / PNBP）种类及费率进行修订，取代此前的《2024年第45号政府条例》（GR 45/2024）。除调整既有费率外，GR 30/2026还新增了此前未纳入PNBP的服务项目，包括有限责任公司年度报告批准通知、因未履行年度报告义务而被封锁的AHU服务解封申请，以及“快速通道”加签（Apostille）服务。

（二）部分主要费率调整一览

（三）生效日期与预算影响

GR 30/2026于2026年7月2日签署，自颁布后30日即2026年8月1日生效。对于商业主体而言， PNBP 关税的这一变更需在预算编制和企业行动规划中予以关注，例如公司设立、公司章程修订、年度报告提交、公文认证办理、商标注册及续展等事项。计划于2026年8月1日后申请服务的商业主体，在编制预算及规划交易时需特别关注本次费率调整，因自GR 30/2026生效之日起提交的所有申请均须按照新规定适用相应费率。

1、New service types

The Government has revised the types and tariffs of Non-Tax State Revenue (PNBP) applicable to Ministry of Law services through Government Regulation No. 30 of 2026 (“GR 30/2026”), superseding the previous Government Regulation No. 45 of 2024 (“GR 45/2024”). In addition to adjusting existing tariffs, GR 30/2026 introduces several new chargeable services, including notification of PT annual report approvals, applications to unblock AHU access following non-compliance with annual reporting obligations, and a Fast Track Apostille service.

2、Overview of selected  tariff adjustments

Several types of services that experience tariff adjustments based on GR 30/2026 include the following (not limited to the list below):

3、Effective Date and Budget Impact

GR 30/2026 was enacted on 2 July 2026 and comes into force 30 days from promulgation, i.e., 1 August 2026. For business actors, this change in PNBP tariffs requires attention in budget preparation and corporate action planning, such as company establishment, amendments to the Articles of Association, submission of annual reports, processing Apostilles, as well as trademark registration and extension. Business actors planning to apply for services after August 1, 2026 need to pay attention to these tariff changes in budget preparation and transaction planning, because all applications submitted as of the effective date of GR 30/2026 will be subject to tariffs in accordance with the new provisions.

在印尼雇佣员工的外商投资企业（PMA），须依法将员工登记参加健康社会保障（BPJS Kesehatan）及劳动社会保障（BPJS Ketenagakerjaan），在社会保障义务履行方面与印尼本地企业作为雇主承担相同责任。

（一）BPJS Kesehatan参保要求

参保人包括印尼籍员工和在印尼工作满6个月的外籍员工。缴费比例为月薪的5%（公司承担4%，员工承担1%）。

（二）BPJS Ketenagakerjaan覆盖范围

包括工伤保险（JKK）、死亡保险（JKM）、养老储蓄（JHT）、养老金（JP）。JKK和JKM对印尼和外籍员工均强制；JHT适用于印尼员工及符合条件的外籍员工；JP一般对印尼员工强制，外籍员工按法律规定执行。

（三）制裁措施

根据2013年第86号政府条例（GR 86/2013），未履行参保义务的雇主可能受到行政处罚，包括书面警告、罚款和/或限制特定公共服务。对于PMA公司，违规不仅带来行政后果，还可能影响合规记录、商业声誉及许可办理。

Foreign Investment Companies (PMA) employing workers in Indonesia are required to register their employees with BPJS Kesehatan (health insurance) and BPJS Ketenagakerjaan (employment social security), bearing the same obligations as domestic employers.

1、BPJS Kesehatan

Participants include Indonesian citizen employees and foreign employees working in Indonesia for a minimum of 6 months. Contribution is 5% of monthly wage (4% paid by Company, 1% deducted from worker’s salary).

2、BPJS Ketenagakerjaan

Includes Work Accident Security (JKK), Death Security (JKM), Old‑Age Security (JHT), and Pension Security (JP). JKK and JKM are mandatory for both WNI and WNA workers; JHT applies to WNI and WNA meeting requirements; JP generally mandatory for WNI, while WNA participation follows applicable laws.

3、Sanctions Measures

Under Government Regulation Number 86 of 2013, employers failing to register workers may be subject to administrative sanctions: written warnings, fines, and/or exclusion from certain public services. For PMA companies, non‑compliance may affect compliance aspects, reputation, and processing of licenses and public services.

税收假期（Tax Holiday）是印尼政府为鼓励企业在先驱产业（Pioneer Industries）进行大额新投资而提供的企业所得税减免优惠，现行依据为《2020年第130/PMK.010号财政部长条例》（PMK 130/2020），经《2024年第69号财政部长条例》（PMK 69/2024）修订。

（一）税收优惠政策适用范围

在Pioneer Industries进行新投资的企业所得税纳税人，可就其主营业务活动中取得或产生的收入享受企业所得税减免优惠。所授予的设施金额包括：

1、对投资金额不低于5000亿印尼盾的新投资项目，实行100%企业所得税减免

2、对投资金额不低于1000亿印尼盾但低于5000亿印尼盾的新投资项目，实行50%企业所得税减免。

对于100%减资方案，该方案的期限将根据计划投资金额按以下方式调整：

同时，可享受50%的减税优惠，该优惠有效期为5个纳税年度。

（二）申请条件

1、在先驱性行业（如上游基础金属产业、石油及天然气炼制或加工业——无论是否涉及衍生品一体化；源自石油、天然气和/或煤炭的有机基础化学品——无论是否涉及衍生品一体化；以及PMK 69/2024文件所规制的其他行业）中运营

2、具有印度尼西亚法律主体资格

3、进行一项尚未获得以下许可的新投资：

（1）关于批准企业所得税减免或通报拒绝减免的决定；

（2）根据《所得税法》第31A条，关于在特定行业和/或特定地区实施投资税收优惠的决定；

（3）根据《关于本年度应纳税所得额及所得税缴纳计算的政府条例》第29A条，关于在属于劳动密集型行业的特定领域内实施新投资或业务扩张所获净收益减征通知；

（4）根据《关于经济特区优惠政策的政府条例》，关于在经济特区内实施税收优惠的决定；

（5）根据《关于努桑塔拉首都地区商业主体经营许可、营商环境及投资优惠政策的政府条例》，关于批准企业所得税减免优惠的决定；

4、纳税人必须有一个新投资项目金额达到最低要求；

5、符合财政部《关于确定公司用于所得税计算之债务与权益比率的条例》中规定的相关条款；

6、承诺在企业所得税减免决定颁布之日起不超过1（一）年内启动该投资计划的实施。

（三）截止日期

根据PMK 69/2024，纳税人最迟须在2025年12月31日前提交申请。此前（PMK 130/PMK.010/2020）的截止日期为2024年9月，PMK 69/2024给予了额外时间。截至目前，政府尚未在官方层面出台延长或重新开放申请的规定，尚未提交的企业需密切关注后续政策变化。然后，通过与政府部门的交流，对于处在经济特区KEK的企业，尚有申请该税务优惠的窗口，需要依个案而定。

1、Form of the Tax Holiday Facility

Corporate Taxpayers making new investments in Pioneer Industries can obtain a corporate income tax reduction on income received or derived from their Main Business Activities.

The amount of the facility granted consists of:

1.A 100% corporate income tax reduction for new investments with an investment value of at least Rp500 billion; or

2.A 50% corporate income tax reduction for new investments with an investment value of at least Rp100 billion but less than Rp500 billion.

For the 100% reduction facility, the duration of the facility is adjusted according to the planned investment value as follows:

Meanwhile, the 50% reduction is granted for a period of 5 tax years.

2、Requirements to Obtain a Tax Holiday

To obtain the facility, Taxpayers must fulfill the requirements stipulated in PMK 69/2024, which include:

a.operating in a pioneer industry, such as upstream basic metal industries, oil and gas refining or processing with or without integrated derivatives, organic basic chemicals sourced from petroleum, natural gas, and/or coal with or without integrated derivatives, and other industries regulated in PMK 69/2024;

b.holding the status of an Indonesian legal entity;

c.making a new investment for which the following has never been issued:

1)a decision regarding the granting or notification regarding the rejection of a corporate income tax reduction;

2)a decision regarding the granting of income tax facilities for investments in certain business fields and/or certain regions based on Article 31A of the Income Tax Law;

3)a notification regarding the granting of net income reduction for new investments or business expansions in certain business fields that are labor-intensive industries based on Article 29A of the Government Regulation concerning the calculation of taxable income and income tax payment in the current year;

4)a decision regarding the granting of income tax facilities in Special Economic Zones based on the Government Regulation concerning facilities and conveniences in Special Economic Zones; and

5)a decision regarding the granting of corporate income tax reduction facilities based on the Government Regulation concerning the granting of business licensing, ease of doing business, and investment facilities for business actors in the Nusantara Capital City;

d.the taxpayer must have a new investment plan value of at least Rp100,000,000,000.00 (One Hundred Billion Rupiah);

e.fulfilling the provisions on the debt-to-equity ratio as intended in the Regulation of the Minister of Finance concerning the determination of the company's debt-to-equity ratio for income tax calculation purposes; and

f.committing to start realizing the investment plan no later than 1 (one) year after the issuance of the corporate income tax reduction decision.

3、Submission Deadline

Under PMK 69/2024, taxpayers could submit proposals to the Minister of Finance no later than 31 December 2025. Previously (under PMK 130/PMK.010/2020), proposals could only be submitted until September 2024, so PMK 69/2024 provided additional time. To date, no regulation extending or reopening the application period has been issued; business actors who have not applied need to closely monitor regulatory developments. However, based on the communication with BKPM, there could be windows for companies that established within KEK to acquire such facility case by case.

《2023年第1号刑法典》（新刑法典）已于2026年1月2日正式生效，取代沿用已久的旧刑法典，全文共两编624条。新刑法典取消了“重罪”与“轻罪”的区分，统一归类为“刑事犯罪行为”（Tindak Pidana），并首次系统性地将习惯法（hukum adat）纳入定罪量刑依据：在特定条件下，法官可就违反当地有效习惯法的行为，判处履行当地习惯义务的裁判，以在坚持罪刑法定及禁止类推适用原则的前提下，兼顾社会公正价值。

（一）公司刑事责任的一般化确立

对企业而言，新刑法典最重要的变化之一，是对公司刑事责任作出了统一、跨领域适用的规定。根据新刑法典第45条第1款：“公司可就为公司或以公司名义实施，或为公司利益实施的犯罪行为承担刑事责任。”该条款使公司刑事责任原则上适用于新刑法典及其他法律法规所规定的一切犯罪行为。第46条进一步明确，公司管理层、基于雇佣关系行事的人员，或其他在公司范围内单独或共同行事的主体所实施的行为，均可被认定为公司犯罪行为。

（二）责任主体的三层规定

新刑法典对公司刑事责任的追责对象进行了分层规定：第45条针对公司本身作为犯罪主体；第47条对管理层人员追究责任，只要其具有职能职权；第48条扩展至任何下达命令、行使控制或有权阻止但未采取行动的人，即使其不在正式组织架构内。这种三层架构大幅扩展了潜在追责范围。

（三）刑罚创新与企业建议

新刑法典引入监管刑及社会服务刑作为短期自由刑的替代性主刑，旨在推动罪犯复归社会；并将死刑定位为特殊刑罚，仅作为最后手段适用，须附带缓期考验期，缓期内表现良好的可减为终身监禁或最高20年有期徒刑。因此，面对扩大的刑事责任体系，建议在印尼经营的企业（包括外商投资企业）须系统性地采取风控措施——强化合规计划、完善商业决策留痕、建立标准操作规程（SOP）和内部监督机制。这不仅是法律合规问题，更关乎企业声誉与存续。

Law No. 1 of 2023 on the Criminal Code (the “National Criminal Code”) entered into force on January 2, 2026, replacing Indonesia's long-standing prior criminal code, and comprises two books and 624 articles. It abolishes the traditional distinction between “crimes” (kejahatan) and “minor offenses” (pelanggaran), unifying them under the single category of “Criminal Offenses” (Tindak Pidana), and for the first time systematically recognizes customary law (hukum adat) as a basis for criminal sanctions — under certain conditions, judges may impose sanctions requiring compliance with local customary obligations, balancing the principle of legality with the value of social justice.

1、The Generalization of Corporate Criminal Liability

For companies, one of the most significant reforms is the codification of corporate criminal liability on a unified, cross-sectoral basis. Article 45(1) provides: “Corporations can be held liable for Criminal Offenses committed for and on behalf of the Corporation or for the benefit of the Corporation.” This provision makes corporate liability generally applicable to offenses under the National Criminal Code as well as other laws and regulations. Article 46 further clarifies that acts committed by management, persons in an employment relationship, or other parties acting within the corporate sphere — individually or collectively — may constitute a corporate offense.

2、The three-tiered framework of liability entities

The KUHP regulates corporate criminal liability in a layered manner: Article 45 covers the corporation itself as perpetrator; Article 47 provides liability against management personnel holding functional positions; Article 48 expands liability to any person who gives orders, exercises control, or holds authority to prevent the criminal offense but fails to do so, even if outside the formal organizational structure. This layered approach greatly expands the scope of potential liability.

3、 Innovation in Criminal Sanctions and Corporate Recommendations

The National Criminal Code also introduces supervision penalties and social work penalties as alternatives to short-term imprisonment, aimed at supporting offender rehabilitation, and repositions the death penalty as a measure of last resort, to be imposed with an alternative sentence of life imprisonment or a maximum 20-year term and subject to a probationary period, during which demonstrated improvement may lead to commutation.

Facing this expanded liability regime, corporations need to take systematic mitigation steps: strengthening compliance programs, documenting business decision‑making processes, implementing SOPs and internal supervision mechanisms. This is not merely a legal compliance issue but one that affects corporate reputation and even survival.

政府颁布了2025年第92号财政部长条例（PMK 92/2025），于2026年3月31日生效，更新了海关区域内货物的处置机制，旨在增强法律确定性、监督有效性及进出口物流顺畅。PMK 92/2025将货物分为三类：无主货物（BTD） ——未在规定期限内完成海关义务；国家控制货物（BDN） ——因违规或所有人不明等原因被国家控制；国家所有货物（BMMN） ——依法确认为国家所有。

（一）关键规定

所有经由港口、机场或国际邮局进出印度尼西亚领土的货物均须符合海关规定。在获得货物放行批准之前，进出口货物通常需先存放于临时仓储设施（Tempat Penimbunan Sementara / TPS）中；在该临时仓储设施内，货物的所有者或其代理人有义务履行海关手续、满足许可要求，并按照相关法律法规的规定缴纳进口关税、税款及其他规费。

货物在TPS中的储存仅允许在特定期限内进行。若截至该截止日期仍未履行海关义务，TPS经营人有义务向货物所有人提交通知；若上述义务仍未得到履行，国家可对货物的处置状态作出裁定，并根据货物的特性及状况，通过拍卖、赠与、变卖或销毁等机制予以处理。

此外，PMK 92/2025号文件旨在通过增设可直接销毁而无需经过拍卖程序的商品类别、对某些类型拍卖商品适用统一进口关税税率，以及制定关于拍卖所得款项用于支付私营仓库仓储费的分配规定（最长期限为90天）等方式，加速货物结算进程。

（二）企业应对建议

对于进口商、出口商、物流公司及临时仓储设施（TPS）经营者而言，PMK 92/2025号文件强调了及时履行海关义务的重要性。未能履行这些义务不仅可能导致货物状态变为 BTD 、 BDN 或 BMMN ，还可能引发拍卖、货物销毁以及海关服务准入受限等后果。因此，企业各方需确保及时完成海关单证、许可证及付款义务，以最大限度降低法律风险和供应链中断的可能性。

The Government enacted Minister of Finance Regulation Number 92 of 2025 (PMK 92/2025), effective 31 March 2026, updating the mechanism for settling goods in customs areas to enhance legal certainty, supervision effectiveness, and smooth logistics. PMK 92/2025 categorizes goods into three main categories: Unclaimed Goods (BTD) — goods whose customs obligations are not settled within the prescribed period; State‑Controlled Goods (BDN) — goods under state control for reasons such as customs violations or unknown owners; and State‑Owned Goods (BMMN) — goods designated as state‑owned in accordance with laws.

1、Key Regulation

Every item entering or leaving the territory of Indonesia through ports, airports, or international post offices must comply with customs provisions. Before obtaining approval for the release of goods, imported and exported goods are generally placed first in a Temporary Storage Facility (Tempat Penimbunan Sementara / TPS). While in the TPS, the owner of the goods or their proxy is obliged to fulfill customs obligations, meet licensing requirements, and pay import duties, taxes, and other levies in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations.

The storage of goods in a TPS is only permitted for a certain period. If by that deadline customs obligations have not been fulfilled, the TPS entrepreneur is obliged to submit a notification to the owner of the goods. If these obligations remain unsettled, the status of the goods may be determined by the state and resolved through mechanisms such as auction, grants, utilization, or destruction in accordance with the characteristics and condition of the goods.

In addition, PMK 92/2025 aims to accelerate the settlement of goods through the addition of categories of goods that can be directly destroyed without going through the auction process, the application of flat import duty tariffs for certain types of auctioned goods, and regulations regarding the allocation of auction proceeds for the payment of storage fees in private warehouses for a maximum period of 90 (ninety) days.

2、 Recommendations for Enterprises

For importers, exporters, logistics companies, and Temporary Storage Facility (TPS) entrepreneurs, PMK 92/2025 emphasizes the importance of fulfilling customs obligations in a timely manner. Failure to fulfill these obligations not only has the potential to result in a change in the status of the goods to BTD, BDN, or BMMN, but can also lead to auctions, the destruction of goods, and restrictions on access to customs services. Therefore, business actors need to ensure that customs documents, licenses, and payment obligations are completed in a timely manner to minimize legal risks and disruptions to the supply chain.

（一）重组背景与措施

印尼主权财富基金Danantara正在推进印尼历史上规模最大的国有企业（SOE）重组之一，计划将约1,077家国有企业精简至约200至300家，目标于2026年内完成，旨在提升整体运营效率、强化公司治理并简化长期以来结构复杂的国企体系。此次重组源于Danantara对国企集团内部低效问题的排查，据估算相关低效每年造成的损失可达数万亿印尼盾，主要原因之一在于母公司、子公司乃至孙公司、曾孙公司之间存在的多层级交易结构，增加了运营成本并拖慢了决策效率。

作为重组举措之一，Danantara已将PT Pertamina Patra Niaga、PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional及PT Pertamina International Shipping（PIS）三家处于同一价值链的企业进行整合，并取得显著运营效率提升；电信集团（Telkom Group）等其他国企集团中也存在类似的多层级审批问题，例如部分光纤网络建设项目需经过多重公司层级方可执行，增加了额外成本并延长了业务流程。

（二）对企业的启示

对于商业主体及投资者而言，此次重组有可能改变其与国有企业之间的业务关系结构，包括采购机制、商业合作以及国有企业集团内部的决策机制。因此，持有合同或与国有企业开展合作的企业需密切关注重组进程的进展，以预判可能发生的组织结构调整、业务职能转变或合同整合等变化，这些变化均可能对当前的业务关系产生影响。

1、Background and Measures for Reshuffle

Danantara, Indonesia's sovereign wealth fund, is undertaking one of the largest state-owned enterprise (SOE) restructurings in the country's history, aiming to streamline approximately 1,077 SOE entities down to around 200–300 companies by the end of 2026, with the goals of improving operational efficiency, strengthening corporate governance, and simplifying a long-criticized, overly complex SOE group structure. The restructuring follows Danantara's identification of inefficiencies estimated to cost tens of trillions of rupiah annually, driven in part by multi-layered transactions among parent companies, subsidiaries, and even sub-subsidiaries within a single SOE group, which raise operating costs and slow decision-making.

As part of this effort, Danantara has already consolidated PT Pertamina Patra Niaga, PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional, and PT Pertamina International Shipping (PIS), three companies operating within an interconnected value chain, generating notable efficiency gains; similar multi-layer inefficiencies have also been identified in other SOE groups, including Telkom Group, where certain fiber-optic network projects required approval across multiple corporate layers before execution, adding cost and delaying business processes.

2、Implications for Enterprises

For business actors and investors, this restructuring has the potential to alter the structure of business relationships with SOEs, including procurement mechanisms, commercial cooperation, and decision-making within SOE groups. Therefore, companies holding contracts or cooperating with SOE entities need to monitor the progress of the restructuring process to anticipate potential changes in organizational structure, shifts in business functions, or contract consolidations that could affect ongoing business relationships.

综上，2026年以来印尼在资源出口管理、公司登记合规、行政收费、海关监管、劳动社会保障、税收优惠及刑事责任等领域的密集立法，折射出印尼政府试图通过打破已有产业或制度格局，寻求各种方法来增加国家的税收和非税收入的决心；与此同时，当地的企业合规经营门槛不断提高，对企业合规管理提出了更高要求。可以预计，在2026年下半年直至未来一段时间内，印尼政府仍将出台一系列的法规政策，不断地提高企业合规经营要求，并且加大执法力度。我们建议已经或正在赴印尼投资企业，能够重视和全面排查企业经营中的合规性问题，有效清理不合规点，避免因合规问题影响企业的有序经营。

In summary, the wave of legislative activity in Indonesia since 2026 — spanning natural resource export governance, corporate registration compliance, administrative fees, customs supervision, employment and social security, tax incentives, and criminal liability — reflects the Government's ongoing efforts to break the existing industry landscape and system frame, also the determination to increase the revenue for the nation. At the same time, the compliance threshold has been raised up substantially which emphases the importance of corporate compliance management. It is anticipated that for 1-2 years period, the Indonesian government will continue to introduce a series of regulations and policies that progressively raise compliance standards for business operations and intensify enforcement efforts. We advise enterprises that have already invested—or are planning to invest—in Indonesia to prioritize a comprehensive review of their operational compliance, effectively rectify any non-compliant practices, and avoid disruptions to orderly business operations caused by compliance issues.

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